Thursday 7 February 2013

==>> USE OF AUTO CAD IN CIVIL ENGINEERING==>>




AUTO CAD==>>  Automatic Computer Aided Design
It is useful for building construction to draw 3D view of buildings parts in computer...

AutoCAD 2010 allows the use of over 300 tools. Some operators prefer using the word “ commands ” , although command as an alternative to tool is not in common use today. The abbreviations for tools which can be abbreviated are included in brackets after the tool name. Tool names can be entered in upper or lower case.
2D and 3D both work can be done in AUTOCAD

2D TOOLS USED IN AUTO CAD==>>

FOR 3D TOOLS CLICK ON THIS LINK==>>

3D TOOLS USED IN AUTO CAD


About – Brings the About AutoCAD bitmap on screen
Appload – Brings the Load/Unload Applications dialog to screen
Adcenter (dc) – Brings the DesignCenter palette on screen
Align (al) – Aligns objects between chosen points
Arc (a) – Creates an arc
Area – States in square units the area selected from a number of points
Array (ar) – Creates Rectangular or Polar arrays in 2D
Ase – Brings the dbConnect Manager on screen
Attdef – Brings the Attribute Defi nition dialog on screen
Attedit – Allows editing of attributes from the Command line
Audit – Checks and fi xes any errors in a drawing
Autopublish – Creates a DWF fi le for the drawing on screen
Bhatch (h) – Brings the Boundary Hatch dialog on screen
Block – Brings the Block Defi nition dialog on screen
Bmake (b) – Brings the Block Defi nition dialog on screen
Bmpout – Brings the Create Raster File dialog on screen
Boundary (bo) – Brings the Boundary Creation dialog on screen
Break (br) – Breaks an object into parts
Cal – Calculates mathematical expressions
Chamfer (cha) – Creates a chamfer between two entities
Chprop (ch) – Brings the Properties window on screen
Circle (c) – Creates a circle
Copytolayer – Copies objects from one layer to another

Copy (co) – Creates a single or multiple copies of selected entities
Copyclip (Ctrl C) – Copies a drawing or part of a drawing for inserting
into a document from another application
Copylink – Forms a link between an AutoCAD drawing and its
appearance in another application such as a word-processing package
Customize – Brings the Customize dialog to screen, allowing the
customisation of toolbars, palettes etc.
Dashboard – Has the same action as Ribbon
Dashboardclose – Closes the Ribbon
Ddattdef (at) – Brings the Attribute Defi nition dialog to screen
Ddatte (ate) – Edits individual attribute values
Ddcolor (col) – Brings the Select Color dialog on screen
Ddedit (ed) – The Text Formatting dialog box appears on selecting text
Ddim (d) – Brings the Dimension Style Manager dialog box on screen
Ddinsert (i) – Brings the Insert dialog on screen
Ddmodify – Brings the Properties window on screen
Ddosnap (os) – Brings the Drafting Settings dialog on screen
Ddptype – Brings the Point Style dialog on screen
Ddrmodes (rm) – Brings the Drafting Settings dialog on screen
Ddunits (un) – Brings the Drawing Units dialog on screen
Ddview (v) – Brings the View Manager on screen
Del – Allows a fi le to be deleted
Dgnexport – Creates a MicroStation V8 dgn fi le from the drawing on
screen
Dgnimport – Allows a MicroStation V8 dgn fi le to be imported as an
AutoCAD dwg fi le

Dim – Starts a session of dimensioning
Dimension tools – The Dimension toolbar contains the following tools –
Linear , Aligned , Arc Length , Ordinate , Radius , Jogged , Diameter ,
Angular , Quick Dimension , Baseline , Continue , Quick Leader ,
Tolerance , Center Mark , Dimension Edit , Dimension Edit Text ,
Update and Dimension Style
Dim1 – Allows the addition of a single dimension to a drawing
Dist (di) – Measures the distance between two points in coordinate units
Distantlight – Creates a distant light
Divide (div) – Divides an entity into equal parts
Donut (do) – Creates a donut
Dsviewer – Brings the Aerial View window on screen
Dtext (dt) – Creates dynamic text. Text appears in drawing area as it is
entered
Dxbin – Brings the Select DXB File dialog on screen
Dxfi n – Brings the Select File dialog on screen
Dxfout – Brings the Save Drawing As dialog on screen

Ellipse (el) – Creates an ellipse
Erase (e) – Erases selected entities from a drawing
Exit – Ends a drawing session and closes AutoCAD 2010
Explode (x) – Explodes a block or group into its various entities
Explorer – Brings Windows Explorer on screen
Export (exp) – Brings the Export Data dialog on screen
Extend (ex) – To extend an entity to another
Fillet (f) – Creates a fi llet between two entities
Filter – Brings the Object Selection Filters dialog on screen
Gradient – Brings the Hatch and Gradient dialog on screen

Group (g) – Brings the Object Grouping dialog on screen
Hatch – Allows hatching by the entry responses to prompts
Hatchedit (he) – Allows editing of associative hatching
Help – Brings the AutoCAD 2010 Help: User Documentation dialog on
screen
Hide (hi) – Hides parts behind 3D meshes in 3D models
Id – Identifi es a point on screen in coordinate units
Imageadjust (iad) – Allows adjustment of images
Imageattach (iat) – Brings the Select Image File dialog on screen
Imageclip – Allows clipping of images
Import – Brings the Import File dialog on screen
Insert (i) – Brings the Insert dialog on screen
Insertobj – Brings the Insert Object dialog on screen
Isoplane (Ctrl E) – Sets the isoplane when constructing an isometric
drawing

Join (j) – Joins lines which are in line with each other or arcs which are
from the same centre point
Laycur – Changes layer of selected objects to current layer
Layer (la) – Brings the Layer Properties Manager dialog on screen
Layout – Allows editing of layouts
Lengthen (len) – Lengthens an entity on screen
Limits – Sets the drawing limits in coordinate units
Line (l) – Creates a line
Linetype (lt) – Brings the Linetype Manager dialog on screen
List (li) – Lists in a text window details of any entity or group of entities
selected

Load – Brings the Select Shape File dialog on screen
Ltscale (lts) – Allows the linetype scale to be adjusted
Measure (me) – Allows measured intervals to be placed along entities
Menu – Brings the Select Customization File dialog on screen
Menuload – Brings the Load/Unload Customizations dialog on screen
Mirror (mi) – Creates an identical mirror image of selected entities
Mledit – Brings the Multiline Edit Tools dialog on screen


Mline (ml) – Creates mlines
Mlstyle – Brings the Multiline Styles dialog on screen
Move (m) – Allows selected entities to be moved
Mslide – Brings the Create Slide File dialog on screen
Mspace (ms) – When in PSpace changes to MSpace
Mtext (mt or t) – Brings the Multiline Text Editor on screen
Mview (mv) – To make settings of viewports in Paper Space
Mvsetup – Allows drawing specifi cations to be set up
New (Ctrl N) – Brings the Select template dialog on screen
Notepad – For editing fi les from Windows Notepad
Offset (o) – Offsets selected entity by a stated distance
Oops – Cancels the effect of using Erase
Open – Brings the Select File dialog on screen
Options – Brings the Options dialog to screen

Ortho – Allows ortho to be set ON/OFF
Osnap (os) – Brings the Drafting Settings dialog to screen
Pagesetup – Brings either the Page Setup Manager on screen
Pan (p) – Drags a drawing in any direction
Pbrush – Brings Windows Paint on screen
Pedit (pe) – Allows editing of polylines. One of the options is Multiple ,
allowing continuous editing of polylines without closing the command
Pline (pl) – Creates a polyline
Plot (Ctrl P) – Brings the Plot dialog to screen
Point (po) – Allows a point to be placed on screen
Polygon (pol) – Creates a polygon
Polyline (pl) – Creates a polyline
Preferences (pr) – Brings the Options dialog on screen
Preview (pre) – Brings the print/plot preview box on screen
Properties – Brings the Properties palette on screen
Psfi ll – Allows polylines to be fi lled with patterns
Psout – Brings the Create Postscript File dialog on screen
Purge (pu) – Purges unwanted data from a drawing before saving to fi le
Qsave – Saves the drawing fi le to its current name in AutoCAD 2010
Quickcalc (qc) – Brings the QUICKCALC palette to screen
Quit – Ends a drawing session and closes down AutoCAD 2010
Ray – A construction line from a point
Recover – Brings the Select File dialog on screen to allow recovery of
selected drawings as necessary
Recoverall – Repairs damaged drawing
Rectang (rec) – Creates a pline rectangle
Redefi ne – If an AutoCAD command name has been turned off by
Undefi ne , Redefi ne turns the command name back on
Redo – Cancels the last Undo

edrawall (ra) – Redraws the whole of a drawing
Regen (re) – Regenerates the contents of the AutoCAD 2010 drawing area

Regenall (rea) – Regenerates the whole of a drawing
Region (reg) – Creates a region from an area within a boundary
Rename (ren) – Brings the Rename dialog on screen
Revcloud – Forms a cloud-like outline around objects in a drawing to
which attention needs to be drawn
Ribbon – Brings the ribbon on screen
Ribbonclose – Closes the ribbon
Save (Ctrl S) – Brings the Save Drawing As dialog box on screen
Saveas – Brings the Save Drawing As dialog box on screen
Saveimg – Brings the Render Output File dialog on screen
Scale (sc) – Allows selected entities to be scaled in size – smaller or larger
Script (scr) – Brings the Select Script File dialog on screen
Setvar (set) – Can be used to bring a list of the settings of set variables
into an AutoCAD Text window
Shape – Inserts an already loaded shape into a drawing
Shell – Allows MS-DOS commands to be entered
Sketch – Allows freehand sketching
Solid (so) – Creates a fi lled outline in triangular parts
Spell (sp) – Brings the Check Spelling dialog on screen
Spline (spl) – Creates a spline curve through selected points
Splinedit (spe) – Allows the editing of a spline curve
Status – Shows the status (particularly memory use) in a Text window
Stretch (s) – Allows selected entities to be stretched
Style (st) – Brings the Text Styles dialog on screen
Tablet (ta) – Allows a tablet to be used with a pointing device
Tbconfi g – Brings the Customize User Interface dialog on screen to
allow configuration of a toolbar
Text – Allows text from the Command line to be entered into a drawing
Thickness (th) – Sets the thickness for the Elevation command
Tilemode – Allows settings to enable Paper Space
Tolerance – Brings the Geometric Tolerance dialog on screen
Toolbar (to) – Brings the Customize User Interface dialog on screen
Trim (tr) – Allows entities to be trimmed up to other entities
Type – Types the contents of a named fi le to screen
UCS – Allows selection of UCS (User Coordinate System) facilities
Undefi ne – Suppresses an AutoCAD command name
Undo (u) (Ctrl Z) – Undoes the last action of a tool

View – Brings the View dialog on screen
Vplayer – Controls the visibility of layers in Paper Space
Vports – Brings the Viewports dialog on screen
Vslide – Brings the Select Slide File dialog on screen
Wblock (w) – Brings the Create Drawing File dialog on screen
Wmfi n – Brings the Import WMF dialog on screen
Wipeout – Forms a polygonal outline within which all crossed parts of
objects are erased
Wmfopts – Brings the WMF in Options dialog on screen
Wmfout – Brings the Create WMF File dialog on screen
Xattach (xa) – Brings the Select Reference File dialog on screen
Xline – Creates a construction line
Xref (xr) – Brings the Xref Manager dialog on screen
Zoom (z) – Brings the zoom tool into action


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